Natural Disasters
Natural disasters are synonymous with natural hazards. Sometimes the two are even exchanged. Actually, there is a narrow margin which defines the difference between the two. Natural hazards are hazards that should be expected in nature such as earthquakes and tsunamis. A natural hazard becomes a disaster if you have low.
In his book, Mapping Vulnerability: Disaster, Development and People (2003), G. Bankoff argued that natural disasters are the result of natural hazards. Examples of which are volcanic eruption, earthquakes, landslides, and other incident that no man can stop. These natural disasters affect the lives and human activities, which can kill or cause economic instability at a given location.
"Vulnerability human, exacerbated by the lack of planning or appropriate emergency management, leads to financial, environmental or human losses, "Bankoff discussed. are phenomena caused by nature that have negative effects and can injure or even killed people.
In the analysis of a natural disaster, also can reflect on the maxim that "disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability." B. Wisner, P. Blaikie Cannon, T., and I. Davis explained In his book At Risk – Natural hazards, vulnerability of individuals and Disaster (2004) that "natural disasters will not result in areas without vulnerability."
Here are some of the natural hazards that over time the costs of natural disasters.
Avalanche
An avalanche occurs when snow from the top of the mountain, cliff or slope downward at a speed of over 160 km / h. This can be very destructive, both in lives and property, especially if an avalanche occurs in crowded places. The slopes of 30 ° are in danger of avalanches, especially when deep snow, which quickly flows consistency opportunities are very limited.
There are lots of factors that cause an avalanche. The most common is the sudden noise and vibration. One of the avalanches most famous story is Galtür avalanche in Austria on February 23, 1999. That disaster killed 35 people, the houses were destroyed and buried victims under tons of snow. To avoid avalanches, snow patrol designate some countries that detonate explosives at strategic points to smaller, less destructive flows may occur.
Earthquake
Earthquake is a sudden jolt of land caused by the movement of tectonic plates, or slide to another or a blow to each other. Although today the earthquakes appear to be very disastrous, in fact, an earthquake kills humans just destroy itself or wildlife. This is the case that after the earthquake and the collapse of the building, tsunamis, landslides, volcanic eruptions and fires that kill people.
Geologist Haraldur Sigurdsson, professor of volcanology at the University of Rhode Island in Kingston, said in an interview with Encarta that the deadly earthquake in the world Huahsien occurred in China in 1556 that killed 830,000 people. Another earthquake in Tangshan, China, took second place when he killed 240,000 in 1976.
"The figures of this type is even more tragic when we realize that the loss of lives and property related to the earthquake disaster are almost entirely due to failure of man-made structures, "he said, citing that some cities are located in the mud covered the floor, which only amplifies the impact the earthquake.
In fact, the results of the earthquake have resulted in the destruction and agony of a lot of people (see separate article about an earthquake).
Landslide
A landslide is the precipitous decline of soil or rock under a mountain slope. Landslides are often attributed to illegal logging, causing the mountains to be cut, making it easier for the soil being washed away by mountain when heavy rain falls or when strong wind blows.
Volcanic Eruption
Volcanic eruption is another disaster poses a threat to humans, property and agriculture. It is caused by the explosion of a volcano and falling rocks and pumice that follows. Other effects destructive volcanic eruptions are the mobility of hot and explosive materials, falling ash, lava and volcanic debris. Volcanic eruptions even in the abandoned areas can be dangerous and that the ashes can be thrown into the atmosphere. These volcanic ash can pose danger to aircraft.
Flood
Floods are caused when the soil can not absorb water from rain or snow. According to the Encarta Encyclopedia (2003), "The water runs off the land in quantities that can not be carried on channels or retained in natural ponds and artificial reservoirs, "the causes of flooding.
Floods not only cause damage to property, but also hampers the economy of a particular place and puts threat to the lives of human beings and animals. Strong currents flood can cause soil erosion and sediment statement that makes the surface of lakes and rivers to rise.
The Great Flood in China in 1931 is probably the biggest flood in recorded history. The result after the Huang He (Yellow River) overflowed, killing between 800,000 and 4 million people.
Limnic eruption
According to Wikipedia.com (2007), limnic eruption is occurs when carbon dioxide is located deep in a lake erupts. This rash can suffocate wildlife, livestock and humans living around the lake, causing their death. limnic eruption may also cause a tsunami in a lake such as increased carbon dioxide makes the water move. According to scientists, limnic eruption may be caused by landslides, volcanic activity, or explosions.
The eruptions at Lake Monoun limnic in 1984 and Lake Nyos in 1986 were both well recorded in the history of limnic eruptions. The first killed 10,000 people while the second, but larger, killed as many as 1, 800.
Tsunami
A tsunami is a Japanese word for harbor wave. It is a term used to describe an earthquake submarine or underwater landslides that often takes place along the Ring of Fire, 32, 500 km long, which surrounds the Pacific Ocean. Usually, a tsunami has a wavelength of 200 km and travels at up to 800 km / h.
Tsunamis are often erroneously called as tsunamis, because some think that tsunamis are caused by gravity forces.
No one can detect a tsunami, unless you get to the water surface when the wave gets bigger.
The cyclonic storm
Typhoons, hurricanes and tropical cyclones are different names for a phenomenon: a low pressure area air surrounded by the strong winds that forms in the ocean.
The effects of typhoons include flooding, destruction of property, and if severe, can cost the lives of many. Typhoons can also cause economic stagnation to a locality, which left black, and even hunger.
Fire Forest
A wildfire is burning uncontrolled on a wide forest area. The main causes of forest fires may be lighting, extreme heat, human negligence, and arson. Forest fires can be a threat to both people and wildlife. If a wildfire gets worse, can lead to firestorm. A storm of fire creates its own wind and weather and can even ruin a city, like what happened in 1962 in Centralia, Pennsylvania.
Epidemic
An epidemic is the spread of infectious disease that usually affects the mass. An epidemic becomes a pandemic when it affects everyone. An epidemic may be short or may last for years. It is caused by the increasing number of organisms that cause foodborne illnesses and beverages, physical contact or exchange of semen, saliva or blood. The animals, like rats, rodents and insects, known as vectors, they also carry bacteria and viruses that cause an epidemic.
There have been a lot of cases where epidemics have claimed the lives of many. These include the bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death that ravaged Europe from of 1347-1351 and killed a quarter of the continent's population. But it was the Spanish flu or flu of 1918-19 that became the worst epidemic in history. In accordance with the December 22, 2005 issue of the magazine Awake "The victims are killed en masse because there was no effective treatment or cure. Millions of young, healthy people suddenly destroyed at its most productive of his life "and that" most of those who died were between 20 and 40 years of age. "
Apart from the two mentioned, there are epidemics of lesser degree than suspicion life of human beings everywhere.
Hunger
Hunger came from the Latin word for hunger famas. It is the extreme food shortages affecting an area large where the victims are usually children and the elderly. Hunger is caused by two aspects: natural and human. Natural causes include flooding, drought, pests and diseases plants. Human causes include: war, destruction of crops, sites, and corruption. Hunger can also result from extreme poverty, unequal distribution of food, or the strong increase of the population food supply could no longer sustain the need of the people, causing malnutrition and death, especially to infants, children and elderly.
Solar Flare
Solar flares occur when the sun abruptly downloads solar radiation is higher than normal. Studies of the solar corona have revealed startling, violent solar flares and coronal mass injection (CMEs). These solar flares eject magnetic power of the holes in the crown. This heats the gases of the corona where particles and radiation are sent the solar system. According to Levin and Kenneth Randolph Lang (2002), "Solar flares release energy equivalent to billions of hydrogen bombs in a few minutes. "
Hazards and man-made disasters
hazards and man-made disasters are manmade. Among them are:
Crime
Crime is an illegal conduct, where law has been violated. A person who performs crime may be punished or sanctioned by the state. Also considered dangerous to society.
Arson
Provoke fires are intentional and malicious burning of an infrastructure, whether public or private, homes or property. Before the fire was limited to burning buildings. Today burning bridges, vehicles and other public or private property is already considered arson.
Civil Unrest
Civil unrest, also known as civil disorder, is a form of public disorder that causes chaos and disaster to the public. Riot, a form of civil war, is a disturbance of public peace after they met illegally. civil disturbances and riots can cause casualties and destruction of public property.
Terrorism
Terrorism may well be the establishment and spread of fear among civilians by a group of people who want to make change in society or the use of violence to create political, social, economic, and religious turmoil. The second definition can strike anyone, or even the mass, in order to draw the attention of government to act on changes. The most famous act of terrorism was the attack on 9 / 11 after that the movement of high-Taliban kidnapped two planes crashed into the twin towers of World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. Here in the Philippines, Rizal Day Manila bombing, which allegedly claimed he had been master-minded by the Abu Sayyaf group, caused such public furor and fear in that terrorist group.
War
The war takes place when two countries or groups that oppose taking up arms against each other. War usually occurs when these two groups failed to settle an issue diplomatically. There are lots of ways to make war. These include civil war, insurrection or rebellion, e'tat coup, the guerrilla warfare and even terrorism. Apart from the two world wars, the war in other parts of the world map in its history. In the Philippines, the war is common between government forces and communist rebels, as well as terrorist groups Abu Sayyaf and Muslim separatist movements (MILF and MNLF).
Cutting Power supply
Power outage is the interruption of power supply in a particular location. Interruption power failure occur during a short period of time, or even a step further. Power failure is frequent during the occurrence of earthquakes or typhoons. power failure in the short term is normal and can occur for an hour or two. On the other hand, power failure can hinder long-term personal, medical and emergency and commercial activities. The power outage during the Aquino and Ramos administrations had hindered the economy of the Philippines, while the power outage in New York in 1977 had the chance of civil unrest.
Radiation Contamination
Radiation contamination are effects of the use of nuclear weapons, the release of radioactive particles in the air, or by a nuclear explosion in the vicinity. Radioactive Fallout kills and long-term effects that present a risk even to the next generation. One example of radiation contamination came after the U.S. launched atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Are contaminated food and water supplies, even putting the lives of half the population of cities in danger.
The same is true when the reactor of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant suffered collapse in 1986. Today, Chernobyl is a ghost town, nobody lives out there for fear of falling nuclear.
Weapon of Mass Destruction
Of all man-made hazards and disasters, the weapon of mass destruction is the most nouveau. Weapons of mass destruction are also called as the CBRNs (Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear). According to Wikipedia (2007) is an unconventional threat "terror" that when used can kill a lot of people. Halabja gas poisoning, allegedly initiated by Saddam Hussein is an example of the use of weapons of mass destruction.
These disasters and tragedies are threat to human beings which undermines morale. In fact, when these tragedies strike, fear and hopelessness reign in the hearts of people. In fact, this is the time that hope is necessary to keep at bay the fear that people may think there is still a future that is stored for them.
THERE IS HOPE
When you feel the greatest need for hope? Is it when the tests Why? Or is it that our loved ones are taken by death? But what is the hope that even in the midst of tragedy, some still standing?
Hope, known in Greek mythology as Elpis, is synonymous with the history of mythical Pandora and her box. When Pandora opened the box, let all the bad to go out and travel the world, except for hope. The Greeks considered hope to be as dangerous as other ailments, but they know that without hope. The world would be full of despair. Greek mythology also noted that the hope was described as a physically frail but strong spirit that all the evils that had escaped from the box.
The American Heritage Dictionary (2008) describes hope as "a belief in positive outcomes to events and circumstances in life. "However, hope is also" implies a degree of despair, wanting, wishing, suffering or perseverance. "For some, the only hope of prolonging a person feels despair. For others, hope is a form of positive thinking, a way to fight against pessimism.
In the field of medicine, experts agree that hope and optimism has a positive impact on the life of a person's health. According to Dr. Gifford Jones, a medical journalist, "Hope is a powerful therapy," and that optimism, awake discussed, benefits patients due to their positive attitude. Such is the power of hope.
The concept of the Christian Bible hope is wider compared with psychologists and caregivers how to explain it. According tothe original texts used in the Bible, the hope is that "wait and wait impatiently for it to arrive." Awake magazine, said the hope is composed of two elements. "It implies a desire for something good, and the belief that good will come."
According to Wikipedia (2007), hope can also serve as passive as they want and can be "active as a plan or idea, often contrary to popular belief, with persistent action and staff to implement that plan or to test an idea. "The example is a person who never gave up his hope of escaping of poverty. Despite all the adversities that came along his way, he tried to study much less worked in one hand and the other just to make ends meet. In conclusion, achieved what he aspired to because of their strong desire to fulfill what he had expected. By contrast, consider another person who simply want to escape poverty, but never did nothing and finally lost all hope of getting rich.
Having hope in the midst of disasters is a very difficult thing to do. But there's another way that a deeply buried in the gap can be saved, but the hope for salvation to come. Thus, this glimmer of hope still burning in his heart serves as a motivation to go ahead and help himself standing in spite of adversity stop him from biting you still go ahead.
HOPE Is Faith
Faith plays an important role in instilling hope in people's hearts. Again, the Scriptures, said to have hope is to have faith that faith and hope are intertwined and have hope in your heart is the most powerful self-healing despite evidence most painful in life.
Therefore, it is safe to say that the faith that God is a sure source of hope. Although sometimes our faith is tested and the hope seems to falter never fail to seek help from God, and pray that you and rescue you offer comfort despite the searing pain that you feel inside, just what Proverbs 3: 5-6, said, "trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him and he will take a straight path. "
In this world full of suffering, we must act for our own survival. If hope is the only thing that keeps us alive so we must have a strong hold of it. Between disaster that hope shines in the depths of her wounded soul. No matter how hard it is that we must do everything necessary for our own good. It is better to treat do nothing, because it means giving up hope of life. There are too many things that we have hope. With God on our side, we can be sure of their promises us. This is enough reason to be optimistic about the future. Yes, a wonderful future awaits us all and should be a part of it.
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Distress Flares & Signals Pt1
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